Case Study Questions for Class 10 Social Science History Chapter 2 Nationalism in India

Question 1:

‘To the altar of this revolution we have brought our youth as incense’
Many nationalists thought that the struggle against the British could not be won through non-violence. In 1928, the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA) was founded at a meeting in Ferozeshah Kotla ground in Delhi. Amongst its leaders were Bhagat Singh, Jatin Das and Ajoy Ghosh. In a series of dramatic actions in different parts of India, the HSRA targeted some of the symbols of British power. In April 1929, Bhagat Singh and Batukeswar Dutta threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly. In the same year there was an attempt to blow up the train that Lord Irwin was travelling in. Bhagat Singh was 23 when he was tried and executed by the colonial government. During his trial, Bhagat Singh stated that he did not wish to glorify ‘the cult of the bomb and pistol’ but wanted a revolution in society: ‘Revolution is the inalienable right of mankind. Freedom is the imprescriptible birthright of all. The labourer is the real sustainer of society … To the altar of this revolution we have brought our youth as incense, for no sacrifice is too great for so magnificent a cause. We are content. We await the advent of revolution. Inquilab Zindabad!’

(i) Why Hindustan Socialist Republican Army was formed? With reference to the above context, infer the appropriate option.
(a) To fight against the British colonial rule with the principle of non-violence
(b) To fight against British colonial rule in India
(c) To achieve independence for the country through an armed rebellion if necessary
(d) Both (b) and (c)

Ans. (d) Hindustani Socialist Republican Army was formed to fight against the British colonial rule in India and to achieve independence for the country through an armed rebellion if necessary.

(ii) Consider the following statements and find the incorrect from the given options.
I. Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutta threw a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly.
II. Hindustan Socialist Republican Army was based on the principles given by Mahatma Gandhi.
III. Bhagat Singh wanted a revolution i
(a) Only I
(b) Only II
(c) Only III
(d) Both II and III

Ans. (b) Statement II is incorrect. Hindustan Socialist Rebublican was not based on the Mahatma Gandhi’s principle of Non-violence.

(iii) What lessons does Bhagat Singh’s life have for modern-day India? Identify the correct option.
(a) He emphasised on socio-economic changes rather than changing political leaders.
(b) He inspired the masses to break social barriers of casteism.
(c) He taught people to shed away the fear of British rulers.
(d) All of the above

Ans. (d) All the given statements are correct.

(iv) The HSRA and Bhagat Singh focussed on which section of the society to bring a revolution? Identify the correct option.
(a) Labourers
(b) Leaders
(c) Youth
(d) Merchants

Ans. (c) The HSRA and Bhagat Singh focussed on youth to bring a revolution.

(v) During whose tenure as the Viceroy of India were the great martyrs Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru hanged? Choose the best suitable option.
(a) Lord Canning
(b) Lord Irwin
(c) Lord Minto
(d) Lord Curzon

Ans. (b) During the tenure of Lord Irwin, Bhagat Singh Sukhdev and Rajguru were hanged.

(vi) Which of the following were the Revolutionary activities of HSRA? Choose the correct option.
(a) Central Assembly Bombing Case.
(b) An attempt to blow up the train that Lord Irwin was travelling in.
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Involved in Lahore Conspiracy Case

Ans. (c) The revolutionary activities of HSRA were Central Assembly bombing case and an attempt to blow up the train in which Lord Irwin was travelling.

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