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Directions :<\/strong> In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Q.1. Assertion (A) :<\/strong> Capitalist were against private property, and saw it as the root of all social ills of the time. Q.2. Assertion<\/strong> (A) :<\/strong> Those who resisted Collectivisation were severely punished. Many were deported and exiled. Q.3. Assertion (A) :<\/strong> Marx believed that to free themselves from Capitalist exploitation, workers had to construct a radically Socialist society where all property was socially controlled. Q.4. Assertion (A) : <\/strong>At the beginning of the twentieth century, the vast majority of Russia\u2019s people were industrialist. Q.5. Assertion<\/strong> (A) :<\/strong> Liberals and Radicals themselves were often property owners and employers. Q.6. Assertion (A) : <\/strong>22 February came to be called the International Women\u2019s Day.
Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as :
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Reason (R) :<\/strong> Individuals owned the property that gave employment but the propertied were concerned only with personal gain and not with the welfare of those who made the property productive.<\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer<\/summary>\nAnswer: (d) Socialists were against private\nproperty, and saw it as the root of all social ills \nof the time.\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
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Reason (R) : <\/strong>Stalin\u2019s government allowed some independent cultivation, but treated such cultivators sympathetically.<\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer<\/summary>\nAnswer: (c) Those who resisted \nCollectivisation were severely punished.\nMany were deported and exiled. As they \nresisted Collectivisation, peasants argued that \nthey were not rich and they were not against\nSocialism. They merely did not want to work in \ncollective farms for a variety of reasons. Stalin\u2019s \ngovernment allowed some independent \ncultivation, but treated such cultivators \nunsympathetically.\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
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Reason (R) :<\/strong> He was convinced that workers would triumph in their conflict with capitalists. A communist society was the natural society of the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer<\/summary>\nAnswer: (a)\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
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Reason (R) :<\/strong> Industry was found in pockets. Prominent industrial areas were St Petersburg and Moscow. Craftsmen undertook much of the
production, but large factories existed alongside craft workshop.<\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer<\/summary>\nAnswer: (d) At the beginning of the twentieth \ncentury, the vast majority of Russia\u2019s people \nwere agriculturists. About 85 per cent of the \nRussian empire\u2019s population earned their \nliving from agriculture.\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
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Reason (R) :<\/strong> Opposed to the privileges the old Aristocracy had by birth, they firmly believed in the value of individual effort, labour and enterprise.<\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer<\/summary>\nAnswer: (a) Industrialization brought men, \nwomen, and children to factories. There \nwere many issues like long working hours, \nunemployment, housing, and sanitation, etc.\nThese problems were common since towns \nwere growing rapidly. Liberals and Radicals \nsearched for solutions to these issues. Almost \nall industries were the property of individuals. \nLiberals and Radicals themselves were often \nproperty owners and employers. Having \nmade their wealth through trade or industrial\nventures, they felt that such effort should be \nencouraged. Opposed to the privileges the old \nAristocracy had by birth, they firmly believed \nin the value of individual effort, labour and \nenterprise.\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
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Reason (R) :<\/strong> On 22 February, a lockout took place at a factory on the right bank. The next day, workers in fifty factories called a strike in sympathy. In many factories, women led the way to strikes<\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer<\/summary>\nAnswer: (a)\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
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